Author: alirafique

Abstract

Contrary to common belief and wide spread misinformation relayed on local, national and international media networks, real reasons of failure of space shuttle orbiter Columbia remain concealed for over 17 years. In this report, it is revisted. It is found that reason was not failure and detachment of ceramic tiles (used as heat shield) or strike of foam from exterior of fuel tank during ascent. Similar, even severe, incidents took place earlier (e.g. on STS -1 and 27) as well still, pilots managed to safely land space craft to ground. It was over excitment, enthusiam, followed by distractions (e.g. live in orbit speaches downlinked to earth and then to India via terrestial network), neglegence, inexperienceness, incompetence and chronic fatigue of Ms. Kalpna Chawla which became the reason of failure and demise of all 7 crew members and loss of orbiter. She was not focused, and remain unsuccesful in following the guidelines and instructions of captain and operating critical equipments in a sequence required quickly (e.g. Active thermal control systems (ATCS), engine start valve sequence), that lead to chain of events which resulted in tragedy. This is rvisited and thoroughly researched.

Abstract

It is well known that pyramids of Egypt (only existing so called ancient wonder of world) are constructed at a specific site. Tallest, Giza is exactly at surface centroid of planet earth. Others are at a particular distance, are shorter, have a ratio and proportionally among their heights, volume but definitely located in same plane ((tangent to arc length circle) – arc length center = center of earth). These structures are stable on an ovule (ellipse in two dimensions) – the earth. It is also known that these, owing to their geometry and location can only be stable in octahedral (two pyramids with common base) shape. These attributes dictates that there is certain sequence of construction in which they are constructed by reinforcing each other. Tallest was the aim which could not have been realized by building others around it at a particular distance in a certain sequence for balancing. Finally, after geometrically determining their places, they are constructed concurrently to keep the balance of planet earth. In this study, which is continuation of previous studies, author will determine and re determine these ratios, reselect sites, construction sequence and compare it with actual existing pyramids. This will help resolve key questions about their construction and decommissioning if required.

Keywords: pyramid, ratio, plane, arc length, concurrent